On January 16, 2020, the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement [USMCA] Implementation Act (HR 5430) was approved in the US Senate by a vote of 89-10, sending it to the President. The House of Representatives had approved the bill on December 19, 2019 by a 385-41 vote. The USMCA is an revised and updated agreement to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The administration had worked with Democratic members of Congress to resolve labor and environment concerns. As a result, it sailed through both the House of Representatives controlled by the Democratics and the Senate, controlled by Republicans. On June 20, 2019, the Senate of Mexico ratified the original text of the agreement (114 yes, 3 no, 3 abstentions). On December 12, 2019, Mexico’s Senate passed the revised agreement (a treaty under Mexican law) by a vote of 107–1. Mexico’s ratification procedure will be completed when the President announces ratification in the Diario Oficial de la Federacion (the Federal Official Gazette). In Canada, an implementation bill will have to be re-introduced, because the previous Parliament did not pass before Parliament was dissolved and new elections held in 2019.
