On July 28, 2017, the President signed the Notice of July 28, 2017 — Continuation of the National Emergency With Respect to Lebanon (published in the Federal Register on July 31, 2017) which extends for an additional year the national emergency with respect to Lebanon that was first declared in Executive Order (EO) 13441 on August 1, 2007, to deal with the unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States constituted by the actions of certain persons to undermine Lebanon’s legitimate and democratically elected government and democratic institutions; contribute to the deliberate breakdown in the rule of law in Lebanon, including through politically motivated violence and intimidation; reassert Syrian control or contribute to Syrian interference in Lebanon; or infringe upon or undermine Lebanese sovereignty. The national emergency is being extended because certain ongoing activities, such as continuing arms transfers to Hizballah that include increasingly sophisticated weapons systems, serve to undermine Lebanese sovereignty, contribute to political and economic instability in Lebanon, and continue to constitute an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States.